The old phrase “history repeats itself” is not only true for many world events but also for weather patterns. It certainly seems that way these last few years in the water department, as it has either been feast or famine. The recent rainy period is very typical of the past few springs. If the pattern holds true, then late summer, fall and winter will be below-normal rainfall.

Extended wet periods can cause problems with our area soils. For the most part, soils in and around Kansas City tend to have high clay content. Clay is poorly drained and aerated, and holds high levels of water that can be detrimental to many plants.

Water logged soils exclude oxygen from the roots thus causing decline of the plants. What happens is the roots die off leaving the plant unable to uptake the needed moisture and nutrients for proper plant growth. Symptoms of water damage include a wilting appearance, rotting at the base and overall poor growth. Many people compound the problem by thinking the plants need more water, as wilting is the common dry weather symptom.

Learning to manage our clay soils during extreme periods of excess moisture and drought can be difficult. The importance of good soil cannot be overstressed. The soil supports the roots, which in turn supports the top growth. Simply put, poor roots equal poor plants. Gardening is really not about growing plants but is about growing healthy, well-established root systems.

Soil management is one of the hardest aspects of plant culture for many people to grasp. It is not easy to see or feel the internal workings of a mass of soil. There are several common practices that can aid gardeners in soil management.

The most effective long-term solution to poorly drained soils is the proper cultivation and addition of organic matter. Many products are on the market offering a quick fix to the problem. Watch out! There is currently no non-biased research to document and support their use. Improving soils with organic matter does take time. Additions of compost, peat moss or manures over the long haul will improve the drainage and aeration of the soil.

During periods of excess moisture, mulches should be used with caution because they slow the drying process. Mulches are good for the garden, but during a wet spring pull back the mulch layer from poorly drained areas. Another trick is to plant a little shallower, getting establishing roots out of the muck.

Proper plant selection is also important. There are a few trees, shrubs and flowers that will thrive in wet locations. Be sure to avoid those that do not tolerate wet feet. Plants damaged by wet soils do not need extra moisture until the area dries out. More fertilizer will only compound the problem. It will take time for a plant to recover and develop new roots.

We take the rain when Mother Nature gives it to us. And, we will continue to complain and talk about moisture problems. But in the long run, all rain is good for the garden.

-- Dennis Patton